There are certainly big changes in gameplay after the patch. Fist of all there are
many fouls commited now by the cpu. In 25min games there are always 10+ fouls by cpu. Goalkeepers were also tweaked. The def/att levels of cpu are also improved and there is more variation in how they attack.
Also when adaptive AI kicks in the games PES 17 reaches level of gameplay perfection as you have to adjust tactics to cope with the AI changes.
Needless to say that this game is a pure joy on PC with all the mods.