The A-League has the proper playoffs/finals format in 09 as in real life, but only in Manager Mode, for some reason there were no playoffs in Be A Pro Seasons.
In FIFA 08, there were no Playoffs when i finished my Coca-Cola Championship, the top 3 went straight up. Dunno if its been fixed for 09...
In FIFA 09, i can confirm there are NO playoffs in the Dutch Eredivisie either in Manager Mode. I already simmed a full season with Ajax, finished 4th but we did not take part in the Champions League playoffs because its not in the game...the top 3 qualified for the in game ECC.
Also in real life there are no playoffs in Serie A, but there are playoffs in Serie B (similar to the Championship format).
I think all European leagues in the game have a cup competition too, but don't get the "cup" mixed up with playoffs - they are completely different competitions when it comes to European football. AFAIK, only Australia and the US MLS have "Finals Series" (thats what we call Playoffs) to determine the true domestic champion.